This project aims to enhance the biohydrogen production of PNSB strain using some physiological parameter optimizations, cell immobilization, photobioreactor design, and strain improvement. The physiological improvement may use a response surface methodology to obtain the optimal dosage or condition of each parameter in response to hydrogen yield or productivity. For cell immobilization, common immobilization techniques will be applied to investigate the importance of cell immobilization in hydrogen production of PNSB. From this data, necessary material modification will be made for a better immobilization system. Corresponding improvement of the photobioreactor will also be implemented. In this scheme, an array of light will be placed inside a photobioreactor instead of the usual external lighting source. More importantly, strain modification will be made to further enhance the biological hydrogen production of PNSB. Overexpression of nitrogenase, and/or deletion of hydrogenase and/or polyhydroxyalkanoate-synthase of PNSB may be carried as part of the genetic modification process.