The Philippine archipelago comprises 7,107 islands and is recognized as one of the megadiverse countries of the world that harbors two-thirds of the earth’s biodiversity. However, the Philippines also ranks among the world’s biodiversity hotspots with at least 700 threatened species, thus making it one of the top global conservation areas. In 2020, the Philippine Red List of threatened wild vertebrate fauna includes 55 species of land mammals, 184 species of birds, 51 species of reptiles and 32 species of amphibians. The IUCN Red List (2020) also revealed at least 148 endemic species under threatened category, of which 134 species of vertebrates, 4 species of invertebrates, and 10 species of plants. Furthermore, results of preliminary assessment of threatened plants of the Philippines includes 472 angiosperms, 10 gymnosperms, 202 pteridophytes, and 2 bryophytes. The increasing demand for human settlement; agriculture and unsustainable forest management; logging and mining has been identified as the key drivers of biodiversity loss in the Philippines due to the significant contribution in the reduction of forested areas and natural habitats. The extent of diversity is yet to be ascertained as majority of the flora and fauna remains undocumented. Hence, biodiversity assessment of the flora and fauna is needed to document the existing species, including endemic, threatened, and socio-economically important species.